How the growing push for a 2-state solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict could backfire
France and Saudi Arabia hopes to use the gathering of this year’s world leaders United Nations General Assembly And Gaza Strip is increasingly terrible war To inject a new urgency to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict in search of a two-state solution.
These efforts include a new roadmap for the Palestinian state in the regions seized in the 1967 Middle East War in Israel. by several western countries To join a global majority in recognizing such a state before it was established.
England, Canada and Australia Officially recognized the Palestinian state He joins on Sunday About 150 countries This has already done this and France is expected to follow the case at the general assembly of this week.
However, efforts to push a two -state solution are faced with great obstacles, starting with violent opposition from the US and Israel. There is a USA Palestinian officials blocked Even participating in the General Assembly. And Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, who opposed the Palestinian state, threatened to take unilateral action in response – Probably included Announcement of the parts of the West Bank.
This would not be able to reach the Palestinians’ dream of independence.
Expectations have never been so much dimmer
The creation of a Palestinian state in East Jerusalem, the West Bank and Gaza has long been seen as the only way to solve the international conflict in the international field. More than a century Hamas’s attack before 7 October 2023 led to the ongoing war in Gaza.
The fans say it will allow Israel to exist as a democracy with a Jewish majority. The alternative, they say, the status quo that Jewish Israelis have full rights and that the Palestinians live under various degrees of Israeli control, something Great Rights Groups say that it means apartheid.
UN Secretary-General António Guterres said last week, “Israel should understand that the Palestinian people are unjust-this is absolutely unbearable.“ Without a two-state solution, there will be no peace in the Middle East. ”
Peace talks initiated in the early 1990s fell over and over again in the midst of violence and Expansion of Israeli settlements It aimed to prevent the Palestinian state. Netanyahu has not been a significant negotiation since he returned to office in 2009.
Israel annexed East Jerusalem, sees it as a part of the capital, and has long encouraged the growth of Jewish settlements around and around Palestinian neighborhoods.
The occupied West Bank is home to Israeli citizenship and approximately 3 million Palestinians and more than 500,000 settlers Those who live under Israeli military administrationPalestinian authority uses limited autonomy in scattered enklavs.
Israel’s retaliation attack in Gaza killed tens of thousands of Palestinians, 90% of the population of 2 million. It left most of the unreformed region And He pushed some areas to famine. A new attack threat To evacuate and straighten the largest Palestinian city.
Netanyahu’s government and most of the political class of Israel opposed the Palestinian state even before the war. The Trump administration was not interested in reviving peace talks, and instead called for most of the Gaza population to move to other countries. A plan that Israel eagerly accepted As critics say, it will mean ethnic cleaning.
French-Saudi Plan
Perhaps, hoping that this was the darkest dawn moment, France and Saudi Arabia developed a gradual plan to end the conflict by establishing a demilitarized state ruled by the Palestinian authority and governed by international aid.
The plan requires the end of the war in Gaza, the return of all hostages and the withdrawal of Israel. Under the auspices of Palestinian authority – something he had already accepted – and he would leave his arms that he had not left his arms.
The international community will help Palestinian authority reconstruct Gaza and possibly manage the regions with the help of foreign peace protection. Probably followed regional peace and integration, including the normalization of vineyards of Saudi with Israel.
The 193 -member world organ approved a so -called so -called non -binding solution “New York Declaration” At the beginning of this month.
American and Israeli opposition
The United States and Israel reward the Palestinian state awards Hamas and make it difficult to reach an agreement to stop the war and return the remaining hostages.
Gaza cease -fire talks broke down when Israel runs 9 September Strikes targeting Hamas’s negotiators in QatarOne of the main intermediaries. There was a USA He walked away from the talks He blames Hamas and Israel in July Unilaterally an earlier ceasefire ended In March.
Israel also said that creating a Palestinian state would allow Hamas to carry out an attack on 7 October on a wider scale. Hamas Leaders From time to time They would accept a state in the 1967 lines, but the group officially adhered to Israel’s destruction.
Netanyahu describes the international recognition of the Palestinian state as an attack on Israel. During a meeting with Foreign Minister Marco Rubio last week, Netanyahu said, “If unilateral actions are taken against us, it is clear that it invites unilateral actions to us.”
Netanyahu and its extreme right coalition partners I wanted to add it for a long time A large part of the West Bank will make it almost impossible to establish a applicable Palestinian state.
The United States did not take a public position on this issue, but in an interview with Fox News, Rubio attributed this “annexation about annexation to the state of recognition.
United Arab Emirates He called the annexation “red line .. Without saying what effect it could have on the 2020 Abraham agreements, which the country normalized its ties with Israel.
There are other obstacles
The French-Saudi plan limits the most divisional problems in conflict: the last limits, the fate of the settlements, Return of Palestinian Refugees From past wars, security regulations, Jerusalem status and Israel’s recognition as a Jewish state.
It is also based on the current leadership Palestinian authority. Despised by many Palestinians sees them in corrupt and autocratic. Israel says that they are not fully determined to peace and accuse them of provoking Palestinian authority Despite the latest reforms.
The plan requires the Palestinian elections to be held within a year, but President Mahmud Abbas delayed the previous votes When the party looks like you will loseaccusation Israel restrictions. Hamas, who won the last national elections in 2006, would be excluded unless he gave up his weapons and did not recognize Israel.
All of these mean that the plan of the past Middle East agreements, parameters and road maps will reach the mound and leave Israel under full control. Earth from the Jordan River to the MediterraneanThe fundamental rights rules millions of Palestinians who have been rejected.
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