preventing liver disease: New study finds one blood type faces a much higher risk of deadly liver disease

The study found that people with blood type A are more likely to suffer from autoimmune liver diseases, which occur when the immune system mistakenly attacks the liver and causes long-term damage. People with blood type B showed a particularly lower risk for a serious disease called primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), which can lead to liver failure.

Blood type and risk of liver disease

Autoimmune liver disease is different from liver problems caused by alcohol or lifestyle because here the immune system “goes rogue” and damages the liver, as TOI reported. In autoimmune hepatitis, the immune system attacks the liver cells, while in PBC, it attacks the bile ducts, causing bile to build up, scarring the liver, and possibly cirrhosis or failure.
Blood type depends on markers on red blood cells called A, B or H antigens, which form the main groups A, B, AB and O, with positive or negative types. The study examined more than 1,200 people, 114 of whom had autoimmune liver disease, to understand the link. The most common blood type in people with autoimmune liver conditions is A, followed by O, then B and AB, the researchers reported.

Liver health tips for high-risk people

Experts say that having blood type A does not necessarily mean that you will have liver disease, but it is important to notice symptoms such as fatigue or joint pain and go for regular check-ups. Doctors say regular monitoring, early treatment and a healthy lifestyle are the best ways to protect the liver, especially for people at high risk.

Alcohol should be avoided for PBC because it can worsen liver damage, according to the Mayo Clinic. A low-sodium diet is recommended because it helps reduce fluid buildup (ascites) in the abdomen. According to TOI’s report, while a balanced diet consisting of whole grains, fruits, vegetables, legumes, nuts and unsaturated fats like olive oil is recommended, saturated fats need to be limited for PBC patients. Calcium and vitamin D are important because people with PBC have a higher risk of bone loss or osteoporosis, so supplements or calcium-rich foods are often recommended. Regular exercise helps maintain bone health and overall well-being, especially for those with chronic liver problems. Smoking makes liver disease worse, so quitting is highly recommended. Regular medical follow-ups with blood tests are very important to monitor liver function and disease progression.

FAQ

Q1. Which blood type has the highest risk for autoimmune liver disease?

Blood type A has the highest risk because the study found it was most common among people with autoimmune liver conditions.

Q2. Does having blood type A mean I will get liver disease?

No, this only increases the risk, and regular checkups and a healthy lifestyle can help protect your liver.