Midwestern meningococcal disease outbreak: 7 cases, 2 deaths since mid-January
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Chicago health officials are warning residents to be alert for symptoms of meningococcal disease after several recent infections in adults were reported across the city.
Seven cases of Neisseria meningitidis infection have been identified since mid-January, according to the Chicago Department of Public Health.
The ministry announced that two people died due to infection.
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Health officials tracked down close contacts of all confirmed cases and provided preventive antibiotics to those who may have been exposed.
Meningococcal disease is caused by Neisseria meningitidis, a type of bacteria that can infect the bloodstream or the lining of the brain and spinal cord, according to the Cleveland Clinic.
Chicago health officials are warning residents to watch for symptoms of meningococcal disease after seven infections were reported in the state. (iStock)
Transmission occurs through saliva and mucus during close or prolonged contact, such as sharing drinks, kissing, or exposure to coughs and sneezes.
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Although cases remain relatively rare, meningococcal disease continues to pose a serious public health risk nationwide.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported 503 confirmed and probable cases in the U.S. in 2024, according to preliminary data.
The infection is transmitted from person to person through saliva and mucus, usually during prolonged close contact. (iStock)
Symptoms of meningococcal disease can include fever, headache, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, sensitivity to light, stiff neck, and a skin rash that may appear as dark spots or bruising, according to the Cleveland Clinic.
Other symptoms may include confusion, irritability, difficulty walking, joint or muscle pain, and loss of appetite.
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“There are approximately 10 to 15 meningococcal infections in Chicago each year, and these are generally concentrated during the winter months,” the department said. he said.
Chicago health officials said the disease mostly affects teenagers and young adults as well as the elderly.
Symptoms can range from fever and headache to vomiting, diarrhea and a rash that appears dark or bruised, the Cleveland Clinic noted. (iStock)
To reduce risk, state guidelines recommend starting meningococcal vaccination at age 11 or 12, with a booster dose at age 16.
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Cleveland Clinic notes that meningococcal disease is treated with antibiotics, and doctors usually begin treatment immediately when it is suspected that the disease may progress rapidly.
Patients with severe cases may also need additional treatments, such as IV fluids, oxygen, blood pressure medications, or surgery to treat damaged tissue.
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Anyone who develops symptoms or believes they may have been exposed is advised to seek immediate medical attention. Health experts emphasize that early treatment is critical.
