Most people are lacking in essential nutrient linked to heart health, study finds
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More than three-quarters of the global population is deficient in omega-3 intake, a nutrient deficit that can increase the risk of heart disease, cognitive decline, inflammation and vision problems.
This is according to an analysis published in Nutrition Research Reviews, in which researchers from the University of East Anglia, the University of Southampton and Holland & Barrett analyzed omega-3 intake patterns across multiple countries and age groups.
The review found that 76% of people worldwide do not meet recommended levels of two omega-3 fats essential for heart health: eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).
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The analysis took into account recommendations from global health authorities and assessed how closely the population followed them.
Most adults need at least 250 milligrams of EPA and DHA per day, according to researchers, but in many areas actual intake is much lower.
A new study found that 76% of people fall short of the recommended intake of omega-3s. (iStock)
To explore the health effects of low omega-3 intake, Fox News Digital spoke with New York-based preventive cardiology dietitian Michelle Routhenstein at Entirely Nourished.
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The expert confirmed that low omega-3 levels can have a noticeable impact on heart health, cognitive functions and inflammation in the body.
Low intake can also increase the risk of heart attack and sudden cardiac death, he added. It is also associated with high triglycerides, irregular heart rhythms, and plaque in the arteries.
Most adults should aim for at least 250 milligrams of EPA and DHA per day, researchers say. (iStock)
Inadequate omega-3 levels have also been linked to changes in brain function, including faster cognitive decline, a higher risk of Alzheimer’s disease, and increased rates of depression.
Routhenstein noted that low levels can worsen inflammation in autoimmune conditions such as psoriasis and negatively impact eye health because omega-3s play an important structural role in the retina.
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The expert said it is important to understand how much is needed and where to get it to improve omega-3 levels.
“The richest dietary sources of EPA and DHA are oily fish such as salmon, mackerel, sardines, herring, trout and anchovies,” Routhenstein told Fox News Digital.
Oily fish such as salmon are among the richest natural sources of omega-3. (iStock)
Routhenstein noted that many people benefit from eating oily fish more frequently, usually three to four times a week. For individuals who do not eat fish regularly, supplements can help increase EPA and DHA to healthier levels.
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For those taking omega-3 supplements, dosage should be based on lab results, medications, omega-3 levels and overall medical history, according to Routhenstein. Moderate, quality-controlled supplements are generally considered safe for most people.
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There is also some evidence to support prescription omega-3 products.
“High doses of EPA, such as 4 grams of icosapent ethyl per day, have been shown to reduce major cardiovascular events in certain high-risk populations, but similar doses of mixed EPA/DHA have not consistently shown the same benefit,” Routhenstein said.
Omega-3 dosage should be individualized based on laboratory data, medication use, current levels, and general medical history. (iStock)
Testing omega-3 levels can also help determine whether intake is adequate. The omega-3 index, a blood test that measures EPA and DHA in red blood cells, is considered one of the most reliable ways to assess the condition.
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“Levels around 8% are associated with lower cardiovascular risk, while levels below about 4% are considered low,” Routhenstein said.
Understanding the basic levels can help make more personalized decisions about diet and supplementation.
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Those unsure of their omega-3 status or whether supplementation is appropriate should speak with a healthcare professional to determine the best approach.
