TNSDA completes the first phase of underwater survey off the Poompuhar coast

The Tamil Nadu State Archeology Department (TNSDA) has completed the first phase of underwater archaeological survey off the coast of Poompuhar in Mayiladuthurai district.

The ancient Sangam period port city was once known as Kaveripoompattinam. The aim of the research was to identify potential archaeological remains in the Bay of Bengal.

underwater visibility

TNSDA Joint Director R. Sivanantham stated that a team of 10 divers carried out the research, which started on September 20 and continued between 10.00 and 15.00 for 12 days, and said, “We limited the study to these hours because sunlight is required for underwater visibility and the sea is wavy in the evening.”

The team explored the seafloor to depths of 23 meters using advanced marine exploration tools, including a remotely operated vehicle, side-scan sonar, sub-bottom profiler and multi-beam scanner. These tools help map the ocean floor and detect structural anomalies, he said.

Using advanced marine exploration tools, the team explored the seafloor to a depth of 23 metres. These tools helped map the ocean floor and detect structural anomalies. | Photo Credit: Special Editing

The survey was carried out with the logistical support of local fishermen. The team sailed in mechanized boats and then used smaller fiber boats to reach research points. TNSDA had conducted a 10-day underwater survey at Korkai in Thoothukudi district in 2022 using the coastal research vessel Sagar Tara of the National Institute of Ocean Technology (NIOT).

A four-member team of TNSDA archaeologists and trained divers from the Indian Maritime University participated in the survey, which was carried out off the coast between Thirumullaivasal and Neithavasal. They had previously gone through a special training program run by a private institution. Divers and experts examined the seafloor to identify anomalies and determine whether they were natural formations or man-made ruins linked to the ancient port city.

‘Data is being analyzed’

Mr. Sivanantham said the team traced several underwater locations identified by senior archaeologist SR Rao, who conducted a similar survey off the coast of Poompuhar nearly three decades ago. “We are currently analyzing the data collected at this stage. Due to sea conditions, a continuous search could not be carried out throughout the entire area. Our department plans to conduct another stage of search when the conditions are suitable.”