What is cold water shock? Warnings after 12 die during heatwave
Temperatures are staying above average across much of the UK following record-breaking hot weather that left 12 people dead in open water and a yellow temperature health alert remaining in force.
The UK Health Safety Agency’s (UKHSA) warning for east and south-east England and London will continue until 20:00 on Saturday.
Water-related incidents may increase during this time due to the agency’s cold water shock and drowning warning.
What is cold water shock?
Cold water shock is the body’s natural physical response to sudden immersion in cold water.
The National Fire Chiefs Council (NFCC) said the response was instantaneous and could lead to drowning.
The NFCC added that anyone suddenly entering cold water is at risk and could accidentally fall or jump into the water.
Cold water shock can affect anyone, regardless of swimming ability.
What happens when you experience cold water shock?
This causes shortness of breath, panic and loss of swimming ability, all of which can lead to drowning, the National Water Safety Forum (NWSF) said.
It also causes a sudden increase in heart rate and blood pressure, which can result in a heart attack even if the person is fit and healthy.
How cold is the water in the UK?
Many inland water temperatures remain at or below 16C even in summer.
This temperature is considered dangerous for cold water shock, according to the NWSF.
The RNLI said even on a hot day the water could be cold.
According to the RNLI, the average sea temperature in the UK and Ireland is 12C, with rivers such as the Thames being colder.
NWSF president Professor Mike Tipton said it could take weeks for the water to warm up, depending on its location, depth, mixing and flow.
He added that seawater around the United Kingdom, for example, does not reach its warmest point until late August or early September.
What can people do to stay safe?
Phone Float Throw is a new water safety campaign from NWSF and Respect The Water.
Provides instructions to bystanders who witness someone struggling in the water on how to help without putting themselves in danger: Call 999 for help; Tell the person to remain calm and float on their back; Throw in rescue equipment to help them stay above water until emergency services arrive.
